食品卫生监督程序
卫生部
食品卫生监督程序
卫生部
第一章 总 则
第一条 为规范食品卫生监督行为，保障和监督卫生行政部门有效实施食品卫生监督管理，维护公民、法人和其他组织的合法权益，依据《中华人民共和国食品卫生法》（以下简称《食品卫生法》），制定本程序。
第二条 卫生行政部门行使食品卫生监督职责时，必须遵守本程序。
铁道、交通行政主管部门设立的食品卫生监督机构，行使国务院卫生行政部门会同国务院有关部门规定的食品卫生监督职责时，依照本程序执行，但法律、法规另有规定的除外。
进口食品的口岸卫生监督程序由卫生部另行规定。
第三条 卫生行政部门行使食品卫生监督职责，应遵循合法、公正、高效、公开的原则。
第四条 上级卫生行政部门对下级卫生行政部门的食品卫生监督工作实行监督检查，并有权纠正下级卫生行政部门在行使食品卫生监督职责时的不当行为。
第二章 管 辖
第五条 县级卫生行政部门的管辖范围：
（一）本辖区内食品生产经营活动和食品生产经营者；
（二）本辖区内食物中毒和食品污染事故的调查处理；
（三）上级卫生行政部门指定或移交的食品卫生监督事项；
（四）本辖区内的其他食品卫生监督事项。
第六条 设区的市级卫生行政部门的管辖范围：
（一）本级卫生行政部门直接管辖的食品生产经营活动和食品生产经营者；
（二）本辖区内重大食物中毒和食品污染事故的调查处理；
（三）本辖区内重大、复杂案件的查处；
（四）上级卫生行政部门指定或移交的食品卫生监督事项；
（五）法律、法规、规章直接授权设区的市级卫生行政部门行使的食品卫生监督职责。
行政专署的卫生行政部门的管辖范围，按上款规定执行。
第七条 省级卫生行政部门的管辖范围：
（一）本级卫生行政部门直接管辖的食品生产经营活动和食品生产经营者；
（二）本辖区内重大食物中毒和食品污染事故的调查处理；
（三）本辖区内重大、复杂案件的查处；
（四）卫生部指定或移交的食品卫生监督事项；
（五）法律、法规、规章直接授权省级卫生行政部门行使的食品卫生监督职责。
第八条 上级卫生行政部门认为必要时，有权管辖下级卫生行政部门管辖的食品生产经营活动、食品生产经营者以及违法案件，也可以把自己管辖的食品生产经营活动、食品生产经营者以及违法案件移交下级卫生行政部门管辖。
各级卫生行政部门有权在本级行政管辖区内开展食品抽样检测活动。
第九条 下级卫生行政部门对自己管辖的食品生产经营活动、食品生产经营者以及违法案件，认为需要由上级卫生行政部门管辖的，可以报请上级卫生行政部门决定。上级卫生行政部门应在接到请示之日起七日内作出决定。
第十条 县级以上地方卫生行政部门履行食品卫生监督职责时，发现不属于自己管辖的，应当及时移送有管辖权的卫生行政部门。被移送的卫生行政部门应将移送案件的处理情况及时反馈给移送案件的卫生行政部门。
第十一条 卫生行政部门因管辖权发生争议的，争议双方应当在争议发生之日起十五日内协商解决；不能协商解决的，报请共同的上一级卫生行政部门指定。上级卫生行政部门应当在接到请示后十五日内作出指定管辖的决定。
第三章 许 可
第十二条 卫生许可证的发放按省、自治区、直辖市人民政府卫生行政部门制定的卫生许可证发放管理办法执行。
第十三条 利用新资源生产的食品、食品添加剂的新品种以及利用新的原材料生产的食品容器，包装材料和食品用工具、设备的新品种，投入生产前须提供所需资料和样品，按照规定的审批程序报请审批。
食品用洗涤剂、消毒剂的审批程序按卫生部制定的有关规定进行。
第十四条 表明具有特定保健功能的食品，其产品及说明书必须报卫生部审查批准，报批程序按卫生部制定的《保健食品管理办法》进行。
第十五条 食品生产经营人员的卫生知识培训和健康检查，按卫生部制定的有关规定进行。
第十六条 食品广告的审批，按《食品广告管理办法》的规定进行。
第四章 监督检查
第十七条 卫生行政部门在接受食品生产经营者的新建、扩建、改建工程选址和设计的卫生审查申请时，应要求申请者提供规定的材料。
第十八条 卫生行政部门应在接到新、扩、改建工程选址和设计卫生审查申请及有关资料之日起三十日内进行审查，并作出书面答复。必要时，可指定专业技术机构对提交的资料进行审查和现场勘察，作出卫生学评价。
第十九条 卫生行政部门应在接到工程竣工验收申请之日起二十日内，依照新、扩、改建工程选址和设计的卫生审批意见，进行工程验收，并提出验收意见；对职工食堂、餐馆的工程验收，应在十日内提出验收意见。必要时，卫生行政部门可指定专业技术机构对竣工验收工程进行卫生
学评价。
第二十条 食品卫生监督员对食品食品生产经营者进行巡回监督检查时，应出示监督证件，根据法律、法规、规章以及卫生规范的规定进行监督检查。可将下列内容作为重点进行检查：
（一）卫生许可证、健康证明和食品生产经营人员卫生知识培训情况；
（二）卫生管理组织和管理制度情况；
（三）环境卫生、个人卫生、食品用工具及设备卫生、食品容器及包装材料、卫生设施、工艺流程情况；
（四）食品生产经营过程的卫生情况；
（五）食品标识、说明书、采购食品及其原料的索证情况；
（六）食品原料、半成品、成品等的感官性状、添加剂的使用情况，产品卫生检查情况；
（七）对食品的卫生质量、餐具、饮具及盛放直接入口食品的容器进行现场检查，进行必要的采样或按监测计划采样；
（八）用水的卫生情况；
（九）使用洗涤剂和消毒剂的卫生情况。
对食品添加剂、食品容器、食品包装材料和食品用工具及设备的巡回检查，按卫生标准和卫生管理办法的要求进行。
第二十一条 食品卫生监督员进行巡回监督检查，应制作现场监督笔录，笔录经被监督单位负责人或有关人员核实无误后，由食品卫生监督员和被监督单位负责人或有关人员共同签字，修改之处由被监督单位负责人或有关人员签名或者印章覆盖。
被监督单位负责人或有关人员拒绝签字的，食品卫生监督员应在笔录上注明拒签事由，同时记录在场人员姓名、职务等。
第二十二条 食品卫生监督员在巡回监督检查过程中或监督检查完毕后，应当根据情况提出指导意见。实施行政处罚时，应遵守《行政处罚法》、卫生部制定的《食品卫生行政处罚办法》和有关卫生行政处罚程序的规定。
第五章 监测和检验
第二十三条 食品卫生监督员采集食品、食品添加剂、食品容器及包装材料、食品用洗涤剂、消毒剂、食品用工具等样品时，应出示证件，并根据监测目的以及食品卫生检验标准方法的规定，无偿采集样品。
采样的食品卫生监督员必须向被采样单位和个人出具采样凭证。
第二十四条 食品卫生监督员根据监测目的，按国家卫生标准的规定确定检验项目，填写样品检验通知单，并按规定及时将样品送检，检验人员应验收样品，并在样品检验通知单上签字。
第二十五条 没有国家卫生标准的，可参照同类食品国家卫生标准、地方卫生标准、行业标准以及企业标准确定检验项目。
疑似污染、变质、掺假、掺杂食品，以及引起食物中毒的食品的检验项目，根据调查需要和食品生产经营者提供的有关资料确定。
第二十六条 检验按国家标准检验方法进行，没有国家卫生标准检验方法的，可参照同类食品的国家卫生标准检验方法，或地方、行业卫生标准检验方法以及国际组织推荐的方法进行。
检验人员应填写卫生检验原始记录和卫生检验报告，检验报告经核实无误后，由检验人员签字并移交承办的食品卫生监督员。
食品检验样品保存期不少于一个月或按卫生行政部门规定时间保存样品。
第二十七条 检验者应在收到样品检验通知单后，十五日内出具食品卫生检验报告，对中毒食品或可能引起中毒的食品的检验，应在五日内出具检验报告，特殊情况需延长出具检验报告时限的，应报卫生行政部门决定。
第二十八条 被监测单位对检验结果有异议时，可向原卫生行政部门或上一级卫生行政部门提出书面复检申请，申明理由，经同意后进行复检。
书面复检申请应在收到检验报告之日起，或在指定领取检验报告期限终止之日起十日内提出，卫生行政部门在收到书面复检申请之日起十日内作出是否同意复检的答复。
第二十九条 微生物检验结果不做复检。检出致病菌时，保留菌种一个月。
第六章 食物中毒和食品污染事故的调查处理
第三十条 卫生行政部门接到食物中毒或食品污染事故报告后，应当及时组织人员赴现场进行调查处理，并可采取下列临时控制措施：
（一）封存造成食物中毒或可能导致食物中毒的食品及其原料；
（二）封存被污染的食品用工具及用具，责令进行清洗消毒。
必要时，负责调查处理的卫生行政部门应当及时通知中毒食品或污染食品的来源地和流向地的卫生行政部门。
采取临时控制措施时，应执行本程序第七章的规定。
第三十一条 食物中毒的调查及证据的收集，主要包括下列内容：
（一）可疑及中毒病人的发病人数、发病时间、发病地点、临床症状及体征、诊断、抢救治疗情况；
（二）可疑及中毒病人发病前四十八小时以内的进餐食谱及特殊情况下的七十二小时以内的可疑进餐食谱和同餐人员发病情况；
（三）可疑中毒食物的生产经营场所及生产经营过程的卫生情况；
（四）从业人员健康状况；
（五）采集可疑食物和中毒病人的呕吐物（洗胃液）、血、便及其它需要采集的样品进行检验，必要时可做动物试验；
（六）填写食物中毒调查登记表。
第三十二条 食品污染事故调查及证据的收集，主要包括下列内容：
（一）被污染食品的名称、数量、来源、流向；
（二）污染物的名称、数量、可疑污染环节；
（三）取证、采集样品进行检验；
（四）制作调查笔录。
第三十三条 对食物中毒及食品污染事故进行调查时，其采样数量不受常规采样数量限制，并实行无偿采样。
第三十四条 食物中毒及食品污染事故的调查应制作调查笔录，笔录应由食品卫生监督员和被调查者签字。
第三十五条 食物中毒或食品污染事故调查后，调查人员应及时对调查材料、检验结果及其它证据材料进行整理分析，并写出调查报告。
第三十六条 卫生行政部门应认真审查食物中毒或食品污染事故的全部证据材料，认为证据不足的，及时补齐或补正；事实清楚、证据确凿充分的，依照《食品卫生法》及有关规定予以处理。
第七章 行政控制
第三十七条 卫生行政部门对已造成食物中毒事故或者有证据证明可能导致食物中毒事故的食品生产经营者采取《食品卫生法》第三十七条规定的临时控制措施时，使用封条，并制作卫生行政控制决定书。
封条上应加盖有卫生行政部门印章。
第三十八条 当事人对被控制食品及原料、食品用工具及用具应承担保全责任，不得私自转移。当事人拒绝承担的，卫生行政部门可要求具有条件的单位予以保全，保全所需全部费用由当事人承担。
第三十九条 食品卫生监督员执行公务时，遇紧急情况或特殊情况，可当场对已造成食物中毒的食品以及有证据证明可能导致食物中毒的食品予以封存，并制作笔录，但在采取封存措施之后，应立即报请所属卫生行政部门批准，并送达行政控制决定书。
第四十条 对封存的食品以及食品用工具和用具，卫生行政部门应当在封存之日起十五日内完成检验或者卫生学评价工作，并作出以下处理决定：
（一）属于被污染的食品，依法作出予以销毁的行政处罚决定；
（二）属于未污染的食品、以及已消除污染的食品用工具及用具，予以解封。
作出解封决定时，应送达解除卫生行政控制决定书，并开启封条。
因特殊事由，需延长封存期限的，应作出延长控制期限的决定。
第八章 附 则
第四十一条 本程序规定使用的文书，按卫生部规定的格式和要求执行。
第四十二条 本程序自一九九七年六月一日起施行，原《食品卫生监督工作程序（试行）》和《违反〈中华人民共和国食品卫生法（试行）〉行政处罚程序（试行）》同时废止。
第四十三条 本程序由卫生部负责解释。
1997年3月15日
中华人民共和国外商投资企业和外国企业所得税法（附英文）(废止)
全国人民代表大会
中华人民共和国主席令（七届第45号）
《中华人民共和国外商投资企业和外国企业所得税法》已由中华人民共和国第七届全国人民代表大会第四次会议于1991年4月9日通过，现予公布，自1991年7月1日起施行。
中华人民共和国主席 杨尚昆
1991年4月9日
中华人民共和国外商投资企业和外国企业所得税法（附英文）
1991年4月9日第七届全国人民代表大会第四次会议通过
第一条 中华人民共和国境内的外商投资企业生产、经营所得和其他所得，依照本法的规定缴纳所得税。
在中华人民共和国境内，外国企业生产、经营所得和其他所得，依照本法的规定缴纳所得税。
第二条 本法所称外商投资企业，是指在中国境内设立的中外合资经营企业、中外合作经营企业和外资企业。
本法所称外国企业，是指在中国境内设立机构、场所，从事生产、经营和虽未设立机构、场所，而有来源于中国境内所得的外国公司、企业和其他经济组织。
第三条 外商投资企业的总机构设在中国境内，就来源于中国境内、境外的所得缴纳所得税。外国企业就来源于中国境内的所得缴纳所得税。
第四条 外商投资企业和外国企业在中国境内设立的从事生产、经营的机构、场所每一纳税年度的收入总额，减除成本、费用以及损失后的余额，为应纳税的所得额。
第五条 外商投资企业的企业所得税和外国企业就其在中国境内设立的从事生产、经营的机构、场所的所得应纳的企业所得税，按应纳税的所得额计算，税率为30％；地方所得税，按应纳税的所得额计算，税率为3％。
第六条 国家按照产业政策，引导外商投资方向，鼓励举办采用先进技术、设备，产品全部或者大部分出口的外商投资企业。
第七条 设在经济特区的外商投资企业、在经济特区设立机构、场所从事生产、经营的外国企业和设在经济技术开发区的生产性外商投资企业，减按15％的税率征收企业所得税。
设在沿海经济开放区和经济特区、经济技术开发区所在城市的老市区的生产性外商投资企业，减按24％的税率征收企业所得税。
设在沿海经济开放区和经济特区、经济技术开发区所在城市的老市区或者设在国务院规定的其他地区的外商投资企业，属于能源、交通、港口、码头或者国家鼓励的其他项目的，可以减按15％的税率征收企业所得税，具体办法由国务院规定。
第八条 对生产性外商投资企业，经营期在十年以上的，从开始获利的年度起，第一年和第二年免征企业所得税，第三年至第五年减半征收企业所得税，但是属于石油、天然气、稀有金属、贵重金属等资源开采项目的，由国务院另行规定。外商投资企业实际经营期不满十年的，应当补缴已免征、减征的企业所得税税款。
本法施行前国务院公布的规定，对能源、交通、港口、码头以及其他重要生产性项目给予比前款规定更长期限的免征、减征企业所得税的优惠待遇，或者对非生产性的重要项目给予免征、减征企业所得税的优惠待遇，在本法施行后继续执行。
从事农业、林业、牧业的外商投资企业和设在经济不发达的边远地区的外商投资企业，依照前两款规定享受免税、减税待遇期满后，经企业申请，国务院税务主管部门批准，在以后的十年内可以继续按应纳税额减征15％至30％的企业所得税。
本法施行后，需要变更前三款的免征、减征企业所得税的规定的，由国务院报全国人民代表大会常务委员会决定。
第九条 对鼓励外商投资的行业、项目，省、自治区、直辖市人民政府可以根据实际情况决定免征、减征地方所得税。
第十条 外商投资企业的外国投资者，将从企业取得的利润直接再投资于该企业，增加注册资本，或者作为资本投资开办其他外商投资企业，经营期不少于五年的，经投资者申请，税务机关批准，退还其再投资部分已缴纳所得税的40％税款，国务院另有优惠规定的，依照国务院的规定办理；再投资不满五年撤出的，应当缴回已退的税款。
第十一条 外商投资企业和外国企业在中国境内设立的从事生产、经营的机构、场所发生年度亏损，可以用下一纳税年度的所得弥补；下一纳税年度的所得不足弥补的，可以逐年延续弥补，但最长不得超过五年。
第十二条 外商投资企业来源于中国境外的所得已在境外缴纳的所得税税款，准予在汇总纳税时，从其应纳税额中扣除，但扣除额不得超过其境外所得依照本法规定计算的应纳税额。
第十三条 外商投资企业或者外国企业在中国境内设立的从事生产、经营的机构、场所与其关联企业之间的业务往来，应当按照独立企业之间的业务往来收取或者支付价款、费用。不按照独立企业之间的业务往来收取或者支付价款、费用，而减少其应纳税的所得额的，税务机关有权进行合理调整。
第十四条 外商投资企业和外国企业在中国境内设立的从事生产、经营的机构、场所设立、迁移、合并、分立、终止以及变更登记主要事项，应当向工商行政管理机关办理登记或者变更、注销登记，并持有关证件向当地税务机关办理税务登记或者变更、注销登记。
第十五条 缴纳企业所得税和地方所得税，按年计算，分季预缴。季度终了后十五日内预缴；年度终了后五个月内汇算清缴，多退少补。
第十六条 外商投资企业和外国企业在中国境内设立的从事生产、经营的机构、场所应当在每次预缴所得税的期限内，向当地税务机关报送预缴所得税申报表；年度终了后四个月内，报送年度所得税申报表和会计决算报表。
第十七条 外商投资企业和外国企业在中国境内设立的从事生产、经营的机构、场所的财务、会计制度，应当报送当地税务机关备查。各项会计记录必须完整准确，有合法凭证作为记账依据。
外商投资企业和外国企业在中国境内设立的从事生产、经营的机构、场所的财务、会计处理办法同国务院有关税收的规定有抵触的，应当依照国务院有关税收的规定计算纳税。
第十八条 外商投资企业进行清算时，其资产净额或者剩余财产减除企业未分配利润、各项基金和清算费用后的余额，超过实缴资本的部分为清算所得，应当依照本法规定缴纳所得税。
第十九条 外国企业在中国境内未设立机构、场所，而有取得的来源于中国境内的利润、利息、租金、特许权使用费和其他所得，或者虽设立机构、场所，但上述所得与其机构、场所没有实际联系的，都应当缴纳20％的所得税。
依照前款规定缴纳的所得税，以实际受益人为纳税义务人，以支付人为扣缴义务人。税款由支付人在每次支付的款额中扣缴。扣缴义务人每次所扣的税款，应当于五日内缴入国库，并向当地税务机关报送扣缴所得税报告表。
对下列所得，免征、减征所得税：
（一）外国投资者从外商投资企业取得的利润，免征所得税；
（二）国际金融组织贷款给中国政府和中国国家银行的利息所得，免征所得税；
（三）外国银行按照优惠利率贷款给中国国家银行的利息所得，免征所得税；
（四）为科学研究、开发能源、发展交通事业、农林牧业生产以及开发重要技术提供专有技术所取得的特许权使用费，经国务院税务主管部门批准，可以减按10％的税率征收所得税，其中技术先进或者条件优惠的，可以免征所得税。
除本条规定以外，对于利润、利息、租金、特许权使用费和其他所得，需要给予所得税减征、免征的优惠待遇的，由国务院规定。
第二十条 税务机关有权对外商投资企业和外国企业在中国境内设立的从事生产、经营的机构、场所的财务、会计和纳税情况进行检查；有权对扣缴义务人代扣代缴税款情况进行检查。被检查的单位和扣缴义务人必须据实报告，并提供有关资料，不得拒绝或者隐瞒。
税务机关派出人员进行检查时，应当出示证件，并负责保密。
第二十一条 依照本法缴纳的所得税以人民币为计算单位。所得为外国货币的，应当按照国家外汇管理机关公布的外汇牌价折合成人民币缴纳税款。
第二十二条 纳税义务人未按规定期限缴纳税款的，或者扣缴义务人未按规定期限解缴税款的，税务机关除限期缴纳外，从滞纳税款之日起，按日加收滞纳税款2‰的滞纳金。
第二十三条 未按规定期限向税务机关办理税务登记或者变更、注销登记的，未按规定期限向税务机关报送所得税申报表、会计决算报表或者扣缴所得税报告表的，或者未将本单位的财务、会计制度报送税务机关备查的，由税务机关责令限期登记或者报送，可以处以五千元以下的罚款。
经税务机关责令限期登记或者报送，逾期仍不向税务机关办理税务登记或者变更登记，或者仍不向税务机关报送所得税申报表、会计决算报表或者扣缴所得税报告表的，由税务机关处以一万元以下的罚款；情节严重的，比照刑法第一百二十一条的规定追究其法定代表人和直接责任人员的刑事责任。
第二十四条 扣缴义务人不履行本法规定的扣缴义务，不扣或者少扣应扣税款的，由税务机关限期追缴应扣未扣税款，可以处以应扣未扣税款一倍以下的罚款。
扣缴义务人未按规定的期限将已扣税款缴入国库的，由税务机关责令限期缴纳，可以处以五千元以下的罚款；逾期仍不缴纳的，由税务机关依法追缴，并处以一万元以下的罚款；情节严重的，比照刑法第一百二十一条的规定追究其法定代表人和直接责任人员的刑事责任。
第二十五条 采取隐瞒、欺骗手段偷税的，或者未按本法规定的期限缴纳税款，经税务机关催缴，在规定的期限内仍不缴纳的，由税务机关追缴其应缴纳税款，并处以应补税款五倍以下的罚款；情节严重的，依照刑法第一百二十一条的规定追究其法定代表人和直接责任人员的刑事责任。
第二十六条 外商投资企业、外国企业或者扣缴义务人同税务机关在纳税上发生争议时，必须先依照规定纳税，然后可在收到税务机关填发的纳税凭证之日起六十日内向上一级税务机关申请复议。上一级税务机关应当自收到复议申请之日起六十日内作出复议决定。对复议决定不服的，可在接到复议决定之日起十五日内向人民法院起诉。
当事人对税务机关的处罚决定不服的，可以在接到处罚通知之日起十五日内，向作出处罚决定的机关的上一级机关申请复议；对复议决定不服的，可以在接到复议决定之日起十五日内，向人民法院起诉。当事人也可以在接到处罚通知之日起十五日内，直接向人民法院起诉。当事人逾期不申请复议或者不向人民法院起诉、又不履行处罚决定的，作出处罚决定的机关可以申请人民法院强制执行。
第二十七条 本法公布前已设立的外商投资企业，依照本法规定，其所得税税率比本法施行前有所提高或者所享受的所得税减征、免征优惠待遇比本法施行前有所减少的，在批准的经营期限内，依照本法施行前法律和国务院有关规定执行；没有经营期限的，在国务院规定的期间内，依照本法施行前法律和国务院有关规定执行。具体办法由国务院规定。
第二十八条 中华人民共和国政府与外国政府所订立的有关税收的协定同本法有不同规定的，依照协定的规定办理。
第二十九条 国务院根据本法制定实施细则。
第三十条 本法自1991年7月1日起施行。《中华人民共和国中外合资经营企业所得税法》和《中华人民共和国外国企业所得税法》同时废止。
INCOME TAX LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA FOR ENTERPRISESWITH FOREIGN INVESTMENT AND FOREIGN ENTERPRISES
(Adopted at the Fourth Session of the Seventh National People'sCongress on April 9, 1991, promulgated by Order No. 45 of the President ofthe People's Republic of China on April 9, 1991 and effective as of July1, 1991)
Important Notice: (注意事项)
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)
INCOME TAX LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA FOR ENTERPRISES WITH
FOREIGN INVESTMENT AND FOREIGN ENTERPRISES
(Adopted at the Fourth Session of the Seventh National People's
Congress on April 9, 1991, promulgated by Order No. 45 of the President of
the People's Republic of China on April 9, 1991 and effective as of July
1, 1991)
Article 1
Income tax shall be paid in accordance with the provisions of this Law by
enterprises with foreign investment within the territory of the People's
Republic of China on their income derived from production, business
operations and other sources. Income tax shall be paid in accordance with
the provisions of this Law by foreign enterprises on their income derived
from production, business operations and other sources within the
territory of the People's Republic of China.
Article 2
"Enterprises with foreign investment" referred to in this Law mean
Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures, Chinese-foreign contractual joint
ventures and foreign-capital enterprises that are established in China.
"Foreign enterprises" referred to in this Law mean foreign companies,
enterprises and other economic organizations which have establishments or
places in China and engage in production or business operations, and
which, though without establishments or places in China, have income from
sources within China.
Article 3
Any enterprise with foreign investment which establishes its head office
in China shall pay its income tax on its income derived from sources
inside and outside China. Any foreign enterprise shall pay its income tax
on its income derived from sources within China.
Article 4
The taxable income of an enterprise with foreign investment and an
establishment or a place set up in China to engage in production or
business operations by a foreign enterprise, shall be the amount remaining
from its gross income in a tax year after the costs, expenses and losses
have been deducted.
Article 5
The income tax on enterprises with foreign investment and the income tax
which shall be paid by foreign enterprises on the income of their
establishments or places set up in China to engage in production or
business operations shall be computed on the taxable income at the rate of
thirty percent, and local income tax shall be computed on the taxable
income at the rate of three percent.
Article 6
The State shall, in accordance with the industrial policies, guide the
orientation of foreign investment and encourage the establishment of
enterprises with foreign investment which adopt advanced technology and
equipment and export all or greater part of their products.
Article 7
The income tax on enterprises with foreign investment established in
Special Economic Zones, foreign enterprises which have establishments or
places in Special Economic Zones engaged in production or business
operations, and on enterprises with foreign investment of a production
nature in Economic and Technological Development Zones, shall be levied at
the reduced rate of fifteen percent.
The income tax on enterprises with foreign investment of a production
nature established in coastal economic open zones or in the old urban
districts of cities where the Special Economic Zones or the Economic and
Technological Development Zones are located, shall be levied at the
reduced rate of twenty-four percent.
The income tax on enterprises with foreign investment in coastal economic
open zones, in the old urban districts of cities where the Special
Economic Zones or the Economic and Technological Development Zones are
located or in other regions defined by the State Council, within the scope
of energy, communications, harbour, wharf or other projects encouraged by
the State, may be levied at the reduced rate of fifteen percent. The
specific measures shall be drawn up by the State Council.
Article 8
Any enterprise with foreign investment of a production nature scheduled to
operate for a period of not less than ten years shall, from the year
beginning to make profit, be exempted from income tax in the first and
second years and allowed a fifty percent reduction in the third to fifth
years. However, the exemption from or reduction of income tax on
enterprises with foreign investment engaged in the exploitation of
resources such as petroleum, natural gas, rare metals, and precious metals
shall be regulated separately by the State Council. Enterprises with
foreign investment which have actually operated for a period of less than
ten years shall repay the amount of income tax exempted or reduced
already.
The relevant regulations, promulgated by the State Council before the
entry into force of this Law, which provide preferential treatment of
exemption from or reduction of income tax on enterprises engaged in
energy, communications, harbour, wharf and other major projects of a
production nature for a period longer than that specified in the preceding
paragraph, or which provide preferential treatment of exemption from or
reduction of income tax on enterprises engaged in major projects of a non-
production nature, shall remain applicable after this Law enters into
force.
Any enterprise with foreign investment which is engaged in agriculture,
forestry or animal husbandry and any other enterprise with foreign
investment which is established in remote underdeveloped areas may, upon
approval by the competent department for tax affairs under the State
Council of an application filed by the enterprise, be allowed a fifteen to
thirty percent reduction of the amount of income tax payable for a period
of another ten years following the expiration of the period for tax
exemption or reduction as provided for in the preceding two paragraphs.
After this Law enters into force, any modification to the provisions of
the preceding three paragraphs of this Article on the exemption from or
reduction of income tax on enterprises shall be submitted by the State
Council to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for
decision.
Article 9
The exemption from or reduction of local income tax on any enterprise with
foreign investment which operates in an industry or undertakes a project
encouraged by the State shall, in accordance with the actual situation, be
at the discretion of the people's government of the relevant province,
autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government.
Article 10
Any foreign investor of an enterprise with foreign investment which
reinvests its share of profit obtained from the enterprise directly into
that enterprise by increasing its registered capital, or uses the profit
as capital investment to establish other enterprises with foreign
investment to operate for a period of not less than five years shall, upon
approval by the tax authorities of an application filed by the investor,
be refunded forty percent of the income tax already paid on the reinvested
amount. Where regulations of the State Council provide otherwise in
respect of preferential treatment, such provisions shall apply. If the
investor withdraws its reinvestment before the expiration of a period of
five years, it shall repay the refunded tax.
Article 11
Losses incurred in a tax year by any enterprise with foreign investment
and by an establishment or a place set up in China by a foreign enterprise
to engage in production or business operations may be made up by the
income of the following tax year. Should the income of the following tax
year be insufficient to make up for the said losses, the balance may be
made up by its income of the further subsequent year, and so on, over a
period not exceeding five years.
Article 12
Any enterprise with foreign investment shall be allowed, when filing a
consolidated income tax return, to deduct from the amount of tax payable
the foreign income tax already paid abroad in respect of the income
derived from sources outside China. The deductible amount shall, however,
not exceed the amount of income tax otherwise payable under this Law in
respect of the income derived from sources outside China.
Article 13
The payment or receipt of charges or fees in business transactions between
an enterprise with foreign investment or an establishment or a place set
up in China by a foreign enterprise to engage in production or business
operations, and its associated enterprises, shall be made in the same
manner as the payment or receipt of charges or fees in business
transactions between independent enterprises. Where the payment or receipt
of charges or fees is not made in the same manner as in business
transactions between independent enterprises and results in a reduction of
the taxable income, the tax authorities shall have the right to make
reasonable adjustment.
Article 14
Where an enterprise with foreign investment or an establishment or a place
set up in China by a foreign enterprise to engage in production or
business operations is established, moves to a new site, merges with
another enterprise, breaks up, winds up or makes a change in any of the
main entries of registration, it shall present the relevant documents to
and go through tax registration or a change or cancellation in
registration with the local tax authorities after the relevant event is
registered, or a change or cancellation in registration is made with the
administrative agency for industry and commerce.
Article 15
Income tax on enterprises and local income tax shall be computed on an
annual basis and paid in advance in quarterly instalments. Such payments
shall be made within fifteen days from the end of each quarter and the
final settlement shall be made within five months from the end of each tax
year. Any excess payment shall be refunded and any deficiency shall be
repaid.
Article 16
Any enterprise with foreign investment and any establishment or place set
up in China by a foreign enterprise to engage in production or business
operations shall file its quarterly provisional income tax return in
respect of advance payments with the local tax authorities within the
period for each advance payment of tax, and it shall file an annual income
tax return together with the final accounting statements within four
months from the end of the tax year.
Article 17
Any enterprise with foreign investment and any establishment or place set
up in China by a foreign enterprise to engage in production or business
operations shall report its financial and accounting systems to the local
tax authorities for reference. All accounting records must be complete and
accurate, with legitimate vouchers as the basis for entries.
If the financial and accounting bases adopted by an enterprise with
foreign investment and an establishment or a place set up in China by a
foreign enterprise to engage in production or business operations
contradict the relevant regulations on tax of the State Council, tax
payment shall be computed in accordance with the relevant regulations on
tax of the State Council.
Article 18
When any enterprise with foreign investment goes into liquidation, and if
the balance of its net assets or the balance of its remaining property
after deduction of the enterprise's undistributed profit, various funds
and liquidation expenses exceeds the enterprise's paid-in capital, the
excess portion shall be liquidation income on which income tax shall be
paid in accordance with the provisions of this Law.
Article 19
Any foreign enterprise which has no establishment or place in China but
derives profit, interest, rental, royalty and other income from sources in
China, or though it has an establishment or a place in China, the said
income is not effectively connected with such establishment or place,
shall pay an income tax of twenty percent on such income. For the payment
of income tax in accordance with the provisions of the preceding
paragraph, the income beneficiary shall be the taxpayer and the payer
shall be the withholding agent. The tax shall be withheld from the amount
of each payment by the payer. The withholding agent shall, within five
days, turn the amount of taxes withheld on each payment over to the State
Treasury and submit a withholding income tax return to the local tax
authorities.
Income tax shall be exempted or reduced on the following income:
(1) the profit derived by a foreign investor from an enterprise with
foreign investment shall be exempted from income tax;
(2) income from interest on loans made to the Chinese government or
Chinese State banks by international financial organizations shall be
exempted from income tax;
(3) income from interest on loans made at a preferential interest rate to
Chinese State banks by foreign banks shall be exempted from income tax;
and
(4) income tax of the royalty received for the supply of technical know-
how in scientific research, exploitation of energy resources, development
of the communications industries, agricultural, forestry and animal
husbandry production, and the development of important technologies may,
upon approval by the competent department for tax affairs under the State
Council, be levied at the reduced rate of ten percent. Where the
technology supplied is advanced or the terms are preferential, exemption
from income tax may be allowed.
Apart from the aforesaid provisions of this Article, if preferential
treatment in respect of reduction of or exemption from income tax on
profit, interest, rental, royalty and other income is required, it shall
be regulated by the State Council.
Article 20
The tax authorities shall have the right to inspect the financial,
accounting and tax affairs of enterprises with foreign investment and
establishments or places set up in China by foreign enterprises to engage
in production or business operations, and have the right to inspect tax
withholding of the withholding agent and its payment of the withheld tax
into the State Treasury. The entities and the withholding agents being so
inspected must report the facts and provide relevant information. They may
not refuse to report or conceal any facts.
When making an inspection, the tax officials shall produce their identity
documents and be responsible for confidentiality.
Article 21
Income tax payable according to this Law shall be computed in terms of
Renminbi (RMB). Income in foreign currency shall be converted into
Renminbi according to the exchange rate quoted by the State exchange
control authorities for purposes of tax payment.
Article 22
If any taxpayer fails to pay tax within the prescribed time limit, or if
the withholding agent fails to turn over the tax withheld within the
prescribed time limit, the tax authorities shall, in addition to setting a
new time limit for tax payment, impose a surcharge for overdue payment,
equal to 0.2 percent of the overdue tax for each day in arrears, starting
from the first day the payment becomes overdue.
Article 23
The tax authorities shall set a new time limit for registration or
submission of documents and may impose a fine of five thousand yuan or
less on any taxpayer or withholding agent which fails to go through tax
registration or make a change or cancellation in registration with the tax
authorities within the prescribed time limit, or fails to submit income
tax return, final accounting statements or withholding income tax return
to the tax authorities within the prescribed time limit, or fails to
report its financial and accounting systems to the tax authorities for
reference. Where the tax authorities have set a new time limit for
registration or submission of documents, they shall impose a fine of ten
thousand yuan or less on the taxpayer or withholding agent which again
fails to meet the time limit for going through registration or making a
change in registration with the tax authorities, or for submitting income
tax return, final accounting statements or withholding income tax return
to the tax authorities. Where the circumstances are serious, the legal
representative and the person directly responsible shall be investigated
for criminal responsibility by applying mutatis mutandis the provisions of
Article 121 of the Criminal Law.
Article 24
Where the withholding agent fails to fulfil its obligation to withhold tax
as provided in this Law, and does not withhold or withholds an amount less
than that should have been withheld, the tax authorities shall set a time
limit for the payment of the amount of tax that should have been withheld,
and may impose a fine up to but not exceeding one hundred percent of the
amount of tax that should have been withheld. Where the withholding agent
fails to turn the tax withheld over to the State Treasury within the
prescribed time limit, the tax authorities shall set a time limit for
turning over the taxes and may impose a fine of five thousand yuan or less
on the withholding agent; if the withholding agent fails to meet the time
limit again, the tax authorities shall pursue the taxes according to law
and may impose a fine of ten thousand yuan or less on the withholding
agent. If the circumstances are serious, the legal representative and the
person directly responsible shall be investigated for criminal
responsibility by applying mutatis mutandis the provisions of Article 121
of the Criminal Law.
Article 25
Where any person evades tax by deception or concealment or fails to pay
tax within the time limit prescribed by this Law and, after the tax
authorities pursued the payment of tax, fails again to pay it within the
prescribed time limit, the tax authorities shall, in addition to
recovering the tax which should have been paid, impose a fine up to but
not exceeding five hundred percent of the amount of tax which should have
been paid. Where the circumstances are serious, the legal representative
and the person directly responsible shall be investigated for criminal
responsibility in accordance with the provisions of Article 121 of the
Criminal Law.
Article 26
Any enterprise with foreign investment, foreign enterprise or withholding
agent, in case of a dispute with the tax authorities on payment of tax,
must pay tax according to the relevant regulations first. Thereafter, the
taxpayer or withholding agent may, within sixty days from the date of
receipt of the tax payment certificate issued by the tax authorities,
apply to the tax authorities at the next higher level for reconsideration.
The higher tax authorities shall make a decision within sixty days after
receipt of the application for reconsideration. If the taxpayer or
withholding agent is not satisfied with the decision, it may institute
legal proceedings in the people's court within fifteen days from the date
of receipt of the notification on decision made after reconsideration.
If the party concerned is not satisfied with the decision on punishment by
the tax authorities, it may, within fifteen days from the date of receipt
of the notification on punishment, apply for reconsideration to the tax
authorities at the next higher level than that which made the decision on
punishment. Where the party is not satisfied with the decision made after
reconsideration, it may institute legal proceedings in the people's court
within fifteen days from the date of receipt of the decision made after
reconsideration. The party concerned may, however, directly institute
legal proceedings in the people's court within fifteen days from the date
of receipt of the notification on punishment. If the party concerned
neither applies for reconsideration to the higher tax authorities, nor
institutes legal proceedings in the people's court within the time limit,
nor complies with the decision on punishment, the tax authorities which
made the decision on punishment may apply to the people's court for
compulsory execution.
Article 27
Where any enterprise with foreign investment which was established before
the promulgation of this Law would, in accordance with the provisions of
this Law, otherwise be subject to higher tax rates or enjoy less
preferential treatment of tax exemption or reduction than before the entry
into force of this Law, in respect to such enterprise, within its approved
period of operation, the law and relevant regulations of the State Council
in effect before the entry into force of this Law shall apply. If any such
enterprise has no approved period of operation, the law and relevant
regulations of the State Council in effect before the entry into force of
this Law shall apply within the period prescribed by the State Council.
Specific measures shall be drawn up by the State Council.
Article 28
Where the provisions of a tax agreement concluded between the government
of the People's Republic of China and a foreign government are different
from the provisions of this Law, the provisions of the agreement shall
prevail.
Article 29
Rules for implementation shall be formulated by the State Council in
accordance with this Law.
Article 30
This Law shall enter into force on July 1, 1991. The Income Tax Law of the
People's Republic of China for Chinese-Foreign Equity Joint Ventures and
the Income Tax Law of the People's Republic of China for Foreign
Enterprises shall be annulled as of the same date.
